Detect Boot or Logon Autostart Execution in Splunk
Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems. Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon, including automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry. An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel. Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges.
MITRE ATT&CK
- Tactic
- Persistence Privilege Escalation
- Technique
- T1547 Boot or Logon Autostart Execution
- Canonical reference
- https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1547/
SPL Detection Query
index=wineventlog sourcetype="XmlWinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon/Operational" (EventCode=12 OR EventCode=13 OR EventCode=14)
(TargetObject="*\\CurrentVersion\\Run*"
OR TargetObject="*\\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer\\Run*"
OR TargetObject="*\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon*"
OR TargetObject="*\\Active Setup\\Installed Components*"
OR TargetObject="*\\Control\\Lsa\\*"
OR TargetObject="*\\Control\\Print\\Monitors*"
OR TargetObject="*\\Control\\Print\\Environments*"
OR TargetObject="*\\Services\\W32Time\\TimeProviders*"
OR TargetObject="*\\Explorer\\Shell Folders*"
OR TargetObject="*\\Explorer\\User Shell Folders*")
| eval action=case(EventCode=12, "KeyCreated", EventCode=13, "ValueSet", EventCode=14, "KeyRenamed")
| table _time, host, action, TargetObject, Details, Image, User
| sort - _time Broad detection for modifications to Windows autostart registry locations using Sysmon registry events (Event IDs 12, 13, 14). Covers Run/RunOnce keys, Winlogon, Active Setup, LSA authentication and security packages, print monitors/processors, time providers, and shell folder redirections.
Data Sources
Required Sourcetypes
False Positives & Tuning
- Software installations that register legitimate autostart entries in Run keys
- Windows Updates or Group Policy changes modifying Winlogon or Shell Folders registry keys
- Print driver installations that add legitimate port monitors or print processors
- Enterprise IT tools (SCCM, Intune, GPO) deploying startup configurations
Other platforms for T1547
Testing Methodology
Validate this detection against 3 adversary techniques from Atomic Red Team. Each test below lists the behaviour to exercise and the telemetry you should expect to see. Executable commands and cleanup steps are available with Pro.
- Test 1Add Registry Run Key for Persistence
Expected signal: Sysmon Event ID 13: Registry value set on HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run with value name 'df00tech-test'. DeviceRegistryEvents with ActionType 'RegistryValueSet'.
- Test 2Drop File in Startup Folder
Expected signal: Sysmon Event ID 11: FileCreate in the Startup directory. DeviceFileEvents with ActionType 'FileCreated' in the Startup folder path.
- Test 3Modify Winlogon Shell Value
Expected signal: Sysmon Event ID 13: Registry value set on Winlogon\Shell. DeviceRegistryEvents with RegistryKey containing 'Winlogon' and RegistryValueName 'Shell'.
References (6)
- https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1547/
- https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/setupapi/run-and-runonce-registry-keys
- https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/bb963902
- https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/master/atomics/T1547/T1547.md
- https://github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma/tree/master/rules/windows/registry_set
- https://web.archive.org/web/20160214140250/http://blog.cylance.com/windows-registry-persistence-part-2-the-run-keys-and-search-order
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Related Detections
Sub-techniques (14)
- T1547.001Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder
- T1547.002Authentication Package
- T1547.003Time Providers
- T1547.004Winlogon Helper DLL
- T1547.005Security Support Provider
- T1547.006Kernel Modules and Extensions
- T1547.007Re-opened Applications
- T1547.008LSASS Driver
- T1547.009Shortcut Modification
- T1547.010Port Monitors
- T1547.012Print Processors
- T1547.013XDG Autostart Entries
- T1547.014Active Setup
- T1547.015Login Items