Detect CVE-2025-58048: Paymenter Remote Code Execution via Unrestricted File Upload in Elastic Security
Detects exploitation of CVE-2025-58048, a critical unrestricted file upload vulnerability (CWE-434) in Paymenter versions prior to 1.2.11. Attackers can upload malicious files (e.g., PHP webshells) through publicly accessible upload endpoints, achieving remote code execution on the server. CVSS 9.9 with public PoC available.
MITRE ATT&CK
- Tactic
- Initial Access Execution Persistence Impact
Elastic Detection Query
sequence by host.id with maxspan=2m
[network where event.type == "connection" and destination.port in (80, 443, 8080, 8443) and http.request.method == "POST" and url.path like~ "*/upload*" or url.path like~ "*/files*" or url.path like~ "*/storage*"]
[file where event.type in ("creation", "change") and (
file.extension in ("php", "php3", "php4", "php5", "phtml", "phar", "asp", "aspx", "jsp", "sh", "bash", "py", "pl", "cgi")
) and (
file.path like~ "*/uploads/*" or file.path like~ "*/storage/app/public/*" or file.path like~ "*/public/files/*"
)]EQL sequence query correlating HTTP POST requests to upload endpoints with subsequent creation of executable files in web-accessible directories, indicating potential CVE-2025-58048 exploitation.
Data Sources
Required Tables
False Positives & Tuning
- Legitimate CMS plugin installations that deploy PHP files via upload mechanisms
- Automated CI/CD pipelines that publish PHP artifacts to web directories
- Authorized file migration tasks moving PHP content to storage directories
- System administrators performing legitimate content management operations
Other platforms for CVE-2025-58048
Testing Methodology
Validate this detection against 3 adversary techniques from Atomic Red Team. Each test below lists the behaviour to exercise and the telemetry you should expect to see. Executable commands and cleanup steps are available with Pro.
- Test 1Upload PHP Webshell to Paymenter Public Storage
Expected signal: Web server logs showing POST to /upload with multipart/form-data containing .php file; file creation event in storage/app/public directory; HTTP 200/201 response code
- Test 2Execute Commands via Uploaded Webshell
Expected signal: GET requests to storage/app/public/*.php path; PHP process spawning id, uname, whoami child processes; outbound network connection from PHP/web server process to attacker IP
- Test 3Bypass MIME Type Restriction via Content-Type Spoofing
Expected signal: Web server logs showing POST uploads with mismatched Content-Type and file extension; file creation events with double extensions or PHP extensions in upload directories; magic byte mismatch in uploaded files
References (5)
- https://github.com/Paymenter/Paymenter/security/advisories/GHSA-5pm9-r2m8-rcmj
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-58048
- https://github.com/Paymenter/Paymenter/commit/87c3db42282ada1e3cda54b9a01f846926c0669b
- https://github.com/Paymenter/Paymenter/releases/tag/v1.2.11
- https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-5pm9-r2m8-rcmj
Unlock Pro Content
Get the full detection package for CVE-2025-58048 including response playbook, investigation guide, and atomic red team tests.