Detect Apple Multiple Products Improper Locking Vulnerability (CVE-2025-43510) in Google Chronicle
CVE-2025-43510 is an improper locking vulnerability (CWE-667) affecting multiple Apple products, including macOS, iOS, iPadOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS. This flaw, added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, allows an attacker with local access to potentially exploit race conditions arising from improper mutex or lock management, leading to privilege escalation, memory corruption, or kernel-level code execution. Detection focuses on anomalous kernel panics, unexpected privilege escalations, exploitation of race conditions, and post-exploitation indicators on Apple endpoints.
MITRE ATT&CK
YARA-L Detection Query
rule cve_2025_43510_apple_improper_locking {
meta:
author = "df00tech Detection Engineering"
description = "Detects exploitation indicators for CVE-2025-43510 Apple Improper Locking Vulnerability"
severity = "HIGH"
priority = "HIGH"
reference = "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-43510"
yara_version = "YL2.0"
rule_version = "1.0"
events:
(
$e.metadata.event_type = "PROCESS_LAUNCH"
and $e.principal.platform = "MAC"
and (
$e.target.process.file.full_path = /\/(bash|zsh|sh|python3|osascript|perl)$/
or $e.target.process.command_line = /pthread_mutex|dispatch_semaphore|os_unfair_lock|OSSpinLock/
)
and not $e.principal.user.userid in ("root", "_daemon", "_system", "_windowserver")
)
or
(
$e.metadata.event_type = "PROCESS_UNCATEGORIZED"
and $e.principal.platform = "MAC"
and $e.metadata.description = /kernel_panic|kernel_crash/
)
or
(
$e.metadata.event_type = "USER_PRIVILEGE_ESCALATION"
and $e.principal.platform = "MAC"
and $e.target.user.userid = "root"
and not $e.principal.user.userid = "root"
)
condition:
$e
}Chronicle YARA-L 2.0 rule detecting CVE-2025-43510 exploitation patterns on Apple macOS endpoints including privilege escalation, kernel crash events, and suspicious locking API usage.
Data Sources
Required Tables
False Positives & Tuning
- Automated macOS patch management systems may trigger privilege escalation events
- Apple Remote Desktop administrative sessions may appear as privilege escalations
- Legitimate kernel extension loading during boot may match kernel crash patterns
- Development environments with intentional thread-safety testing may match locking patterns
Other platforms for CVE-2025-43510
Testing Methodology
Validate this detection against 4 adversary techniques from Atomic Red Team. Each test below lists the behaviour to exercise and the telemetry you should expect to see. Executable commands and cleanup steps are available with Pro.
- Test 1Simulate Race Condition Privilege Escalation via pthread_mutex (macOS)
Expected signal: EDR process creation event for gcc compiling /tmp/race_test.c, followed by execution of /tmp/race_test. System call `id` execution from child process. No kernel-level events expected in this benign simulation.
- Test 2LaunchDaemon Persistence Installation Post-Exploitation Simulation (macOS)
Expected signal: File creation event for /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.test.cve202543510.plist (CrowdStrike CriticalFileAccessed or equivalent), launchctl process execution events, bash child process spawning from launchd after load.
- Test 3Kernel Locking Stress Test via dispatch_semaphore Abuse (macOS)
Expected signal: Swift compiler process event (swiftc or swift), followed by execution of the compiled binary. Process command line should contain references to lock_abuse.swift. DispatchSemaphore usage may appear in dynamic analysis but not typically in static command-line telemetry.
- Test 4Non-Root to Root Privilege Escalation Simulation via SUID Binary (macOS)
Expected signal: gcc compilation event in /tmp, chmod 4755 file permission change event (CrowdStrike FileAttributeChange), SUID binary execution showing effective UID 0, whoami and id child process executions returning 'root'.
References (9)
- https://support.apple.com/en-us/125632
- https://support.apple.com/en-us/125633
- https://support.apple.com/en-us/125634
- https://support.apple.com/en-us/125635
- https://support.apple.com/en-us/125636
- https://support.apple.com/en-us/125637
- https://support.apple.com/en-us/125638
- https://support.apple.com/en-us/125639
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-43510
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