Detect CVE-2025-24893 XWiki Platform Eval Injection Exploitation in Sumo Logic CSE
Detects exploitation of CVE-2025-24893, an eval injection vulnerability (CWE-95) in XWiki Platform that allows remote code execution via server-side template injection. This CVE is listed in CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, indicating active exploitation in the wild. Attackers can craft malicious wiki content or URLs containing Groovy/Velocity template expressions that are evaluated server-side, leading to arbitrary code execution under the XWiki process context.
MITRE ATT&CK
Sumo Detection Query
_sourceCategory=web/access OR _sourceCategory=syslog OR _sourceCategory=java/application
| where (%"cs-uri-stem" matches "*xwiki*" OR %"cs-uri-stem" matches "*/bin/view*" OR %"cs-uri-stem" matches "*/bin/edit*"
OR url matches "*xwiki*" OR url matches "*/bin/view*" OR message matches "*xwiki*")
| where (%"cs-uri-query" matches "*groovy*" OR %"cs-uri-query" matches "*velocity*"
OR %"cs-uri-query" matches "*%7B%7B*" OR %"cs-uri-query" matches "*%24%7B*"
OR %"cs-uri-query" matches "*Runtime*" OR %"cs-uri-query" matches "*exec(*"
OR url matches "*ProcessBuilder*" OR url matches "*{{*" OR message matches "*groovy.lang*"
OR message matches "*Runtime.exec*" OR message matches "*ProcessBuilder*")
| parse field=_sourceHost "*" as host
| parse field=src_ip "*" as source_ip
| count by host, source_ip, url, message
| where _count > 0
| sort by _count desc
| fields host, source_ip, url, message, _count
| concat("CVE-2025-24893 XWiki Eval Injection - ", host) as alert_titleSumo Logic query detecting CVE-2025-24893 XWiki eval injection exploitation via web access logs and Java application logs, identifying Groovy and Velocity template expression injection patterns in XWiki HTTP requests.
Data Sources
Required Tables
False Positives & Tuning
- XWiki installations where Groovy scripting is heavily used by administrators for legitimate page automation and macro development
- Authorized penetration testing activities targeting XWiki deployments generating injection-like HTTP patterns
- Internal monitoring tools that query XWiki API endpoints with parameter patterns resembling template expressions
- XWiki template marketplace or extension installation processes that pass Velocity/Groovy content through URL parameters
Other platforms for CVE-2025-24893
Testing Methodology
Validate this detection against 4 adversary techniques from Atomic Red Team. Each test below lists the behaviour to exercise and the telemetry you should expect to see. Executable commands and cleanup steps are available with Pro.
- Test 1XWiki Velocity Template Expression Injection via URL Parameter
Expected signal: Web server access log entry for GET request to /xwiki/bin/view/Main/WebHome with URL-encoded Velocity expression `#set($rt=$x.class.forName("java.lang.Runtime"))` and `exec("id")` in query parameters; Syslog or Java log entry showing Velocity evaluation; possible child process `id` spawned from Java parent.
- Test 2XWiki Groovy Script Injection via Wiki Page Edit API
Expected signal: Web server access log showing PUT request to /xwiki/rest/wikis/xwiki/spaces/Main/pages/ with XML body containing `{{groovy}}` and `execute()` content. XWiki application log showing Groovy script evaluation event. Process event showing `id` command execution as child of Java process if the page is subsequently rendered.
- Test 3XWiki Post-Exploitation Reverse Shell via Groovy RCE
Expected signal: Process event showing `bash` child process spawned from Java parent with command line containing `/dev/tcp/` indicating reverse shell. Network connection event from Java/bash process to attacker IP on port 4444. XWiki application log showing Groovy script evaluation. Syslog entries showing bash process activity under the XWiki service account.
- Test 4XWiki Eval Injection Scanner Simulation
Expected signal: Multiple web server access log entries within a short time window for GET requests to /xwiki/bin/view/Main/WebHome with varying URL-encoded Groovy, Velocity, and FreeMarker injection payloads in query parameters from the same source IP.
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